As others stated, not without changing the file contents to convert all tables to indexed lists.
Originally, I started with the idea that executing the script amounts to
loading the data. Once it is done, I transfer the contents in my C
structures by indexing the created tables by field names. All this uses
macros with stringification because the keys in the Lua tables have the
same names as my C members.
*And*, I have also other Lua code that relies on this format. Namely, I have another
Lua script that describes a data format, and an IUP-based module that generates an IDE to edit, load, and save the data. Unfortunately, everything would break if I changed my data format to lists, so that's not really an option.